The Deacons for Defense: Armed Resistance and the Civil Rights Movement by Lance Hill

The Deacons’ strength was that they were the only southern wide organization created and controlled by the black working class during the civil rights movement. It is no coincidence that it was... Read more »

We Will Shoot Back: Armed Resistance in the Mississippi Freedom Movement by Akinyele Omowale Umoja

The notion that the Civil Rights Movement in the Southern United States was a nonviolent movement remains a dominate theme of Civil Rights memory and representation in popular culture. Yet in dozens... Read more »

The Young Lords: A Radical History by Johanna Fernández

Against the backdrop of America’s escalating urban rebellions in the 1960s, an unexpected cohort of New York radicals unleashed a series of urban guerrilla actions against the city’s racist policies and contempt... Read more »

Agents of Repression: The FBI’s Secret Wars Against The Black Panther Party and The American Indian Movement by Ward Churchill and Jim Vander Wall

From the Red Scare of 1919-1920 to the McCarthy period of the 1950’s to the COINTELPRO era of the 1960’s. The FBI has operated primarily as America’s political police. Set against this... Read more »